What characterizes the steady-state phase of a spin?

The steady-state phase of a spin is characterized by a consistent rotation rate and a specific pattern of altitude loss. In this phase, the aircraft exhibits a rotation rate of about 2-3 seconds per turn, which reflects a stabilized rate of descent as the aircraft continues to spin. During this steady-state phase, the aircraft typically experiences an altitude loss ranging from 400 to 500 feet. This steady rate of descent allows pilots to understand the dynamics of the spin, providing an opportunity to recognize the necessary recovery techniques.

The other options describe aspects that either do not apply to the steady-state phase or represent different phases of the spin. For instance, significant altitude loss of 1-2 seconds per turn suggests a more unstable state, while increased altitude and stabilized angle of attack below 18 degrees could imply that the aircraft is in a different flight condition entirely. Unstable airspeed that frequently oscillates is also not characteristic of the steady-state phase, as this describes an erratic behavior that occurs prior to reaching a steady-state spin. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective spin recovery and safe flight training.