What is the angle of bank used to conduct two turns of a 180° heading change?

The angle of bank utilized for conducting two turns of a 180° heading change is typically around 45 degrees. When making steep turns, a 45-degree bank angle produces a comfortable balance between maneuverability and a manageable load factor on the aircraft, which is crucial during training maneuvers. This angle allows the pilot to achieve substantial heading changes while maintaining good control and visibility.

In practice, a bank angle of 45 degrees typically results in a turn radius that is appropriate for training exercises, facilitating a dynamic flight environment without excessive risk or strain on the pilot or aircraft. Higher bank angles, such as 60 degrees or more, would require more significant control management and could lead to an increase in load factor, potentially complicating the maneuver unnecessarily for training purposes.

The choice of a bank angle is critical for efficient and safe aircraft handling during turns, with 45 degrees providing an ideal compromise between these factors.